World Congress on
Diabetes and Endocrinology

Mr. Daniel Kebrit is a PhD Candidate in the department of Clinical Nutrition, Addis Ababa University. Seven publications in reputable journals and an equivalent number of presentations in research symposiums are among his research contributions. His current research interest is mainly diabetes and nutrition.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by insulin defect and/or insulin resistance. There are various risk factors for diabetes. Fetal growth of beta cells, obesity and dietary transition are among the contributors. In this paper, the link between the aforementioned three factors and diabetes are addressed. Thirty six research papers, from google scholar, pubmed and sciencedirect search engines were reviewed. In all research papers assessed, the mechanism by which beta cell growth, obesity and dietary transition induce obesity is explained. On the basis of the findings in different research findings used in the review, it can be concluded that, obesity creates insulin resistance, which is an initial point for the development of diabetes. Further, Beta cell growth and dietary transition creates stress in insulin function and disrupts glucose homeostasis which leads to diabetic cases.

Fernanda Paiva is a register nurse who loves working with elderly patients and chronic disease. She studied in the nursing program at Lehman College – CUNY (New York, USA) as an exchange student during one year (2014). Currently, she is a master student in Sciences and Technologies in Health at the University of Brasilia, Brazil.

In addition to the evident increase in the number of elderly, there is also a higher prevalence of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCD), such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Poorly controlled DM causes several complications such as pain, which compromise the productivity, the life expectancy, and the quality of life (QOL). QOL is an important aspect of diabetes because a poor quality of life reduces the self-care, resulting in a worse glycemic control, and increasing the risks of complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pain and its impact on quality of life of elderly patients with DM in a primary care unit in Brazil. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A descriptive and quantitative study, which data were collected from September to November 2015, through a semi-structured questionnaire and previously tested, composed of questions about the sociodemographic profile, and the WHOQOL-OLD and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. Findings: Through scores of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires and WHOQOL-OLD shown in Table 1, it was observed that those people who did not report pain had better QOL scores than those reported pain, except in the physical domain and in the facet autonomy. Conclusion & Significance: The results of this study show that pain affects the QOL of the elderly with DM and enables the better planning of actions that meet the specific needs of this population.